Ancient and early medieval greek poleis in Sicilia.
DAEDALOS (father of Ikaros), the famus architect from Crete to,
founded the city on DREPANON (DREPANI vulg. -TRAPANI
modern), at the same minoan times (2.000 b.C.). SYRACOUSAI
is a Greek city, an ancient Megalo-polis (kapital of the Byzantine
Empire in the medieval times next to Constantinopolis to),
built in the archaic times , 8th cent. b.C.
Near to Syracousai existed another older Mycaenean greek city
from 12 cent. b.C., the THAPSOS.
TRINAKROS : Eroe eponimo della Trinacria, figlio di
Posidone o di Helios.
La sua figura compare su un denario della gens Alliena del 47 a.C.:
Giovane nudo, con la gamba destra piegata e poggiata su una prua,
regge nella destra la triscele ed ha il braccio sinistro
coperto da un mantello.
Bibl.: E. Babelon, Monn. Rép., I, p. 137 s.; K. Preisendanz, in Roscher, V, 1916-24, c. 1116,
s. v.; Kruze, in Pauly-Wissowa, VI , A, 1936, c. 607, s. v.
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TRI-SKELIA. Triskeles with Medousa in Ancient Olympia, before 8th cent.s b.C.
Yes, because they have GREEK origin and pure GREEK genes derived from:
A) The first colonization from the MINOANS of Crete, from 2.000 to 1.600 b.C. (Minoan cities are the: Heraclea Minoa, Thapsos, Scoglio del Torro, Torro Casteluccia, Argyrippa, Ippion Argos, minoan Taranto, Faliron {later Parthenopi and later Napoli}..., and many other minoan and Argonautic cities, total 98 cities under excavation at this time. (See the article MYCAENEAN COLONIZATION... in this blogg).
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B) The Second colonization. Aeolian settlements from the Aegean islands and the Mycaeneans in 12th century b.C., after the destruction of Troy. ( see article «mycaenean colonization...» in this page).
THOLOS. MYCAENEAN (The mycaenean were Acheanς from Peloponessos) necropolis in Messina SICILY (12- 13 century b.C.)
.jpg)
Greek Tholos, near to mount Aitna. 12 century b.C.
C) The third colonization of Achaeans Aetolians and other Pelasgian tribes from Epirus, Acarnania, Aitolia etc, in the 10th b.C. century, after the Dorian (Lakedemonian or Spartan) invasion from N.W. Macedonia to the Peloponnese, which pushed this Greek-Pelasgian tribes in exit to the west (Oenotroi -Inotri, Leukanoi-Lefkani, Vrettioi, Messapioi, ... etc).
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D) The Great, fourth colonization in 8th century b.C., brought GREEK population in Sicily and southern Italy, which population exceeded 5 million in 4rth c.b.C. The Greek colonization continued unabated in the Late Roman and Byzantine mainly years.
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E) In 7th century a.C., Sicily and the south Italy (particularly under Byzantine rule until the 13 century) received huge waves of Greek “ iconolatres” and later “iconoclasts”, to escape the massacres of the hundred years religion civil war-discord, in the eastern Roman- Byzantine territory (Balkan and Asia Minor).
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St) The invasions of the Arabs in Asia Minor and other Islamic tribes from Asia, pushed more waves of Greeks to their "Western homeland".
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Z) The latest Greek waves arrive in south Italy & Sicily after the conquest of Asia Minor and the Balkans from the Turks (from 14th to 19th century).
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--- The famous English Humanist Roger Bacon, in his most known letter, which he sent to Pope Nicola 3rd Orsini in 1280, when browsing Sicily, describes the Compact Greek-speaking regions of the island.
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In the I, II, IV Chapters of Frederico's legislation, where provided strong measuresagainst the MagnoGreco (Sicilians, Calabrians, Apuleius Basilcaneus and Campanians), and Heretic Orthodox Church in to the Kindom of two Sicilies, with many and strong penalties against a them. Like prohibition of having property, prohibition of inheriting property from the parents, Prison, not allowing to use Greek language, banning church ceremonies held in greek, prohibition of studies in Constantinopolis university (allowing studies only in the Napoplis University, which was established in the year 1244/ 5 /June...) and many other hard measures against Magnogrecos.
Published by: Thea Von der Lieck, Buyken, Koln-Wien 1978. (other source a small article in Wikipedia, by the title «Constitution di Malfi»).
In German: Die Konstitutionen Freidrichs II von Hohenstaufen fur sein Konigreich Siciliae
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Frederick's legislation: ORIGINAL TEXT (in greek ):
Bασιλικαί
διατάξεις του αυτοκράτορα Φρειδερίκου Β΄
(1231)
*In the I,II and IV chapter, from Frederic's legislation, where provided measures against the MagnoGreeks and "heretic" Orthodox Church in to the Kingdom of two Sicily's, with many and strong penalty's against them. Like prohibition of having property, Prison, prohibiotion of having heritage-property, ban of the use of Greek language, ban of studies in Constantinopolis Univercity, allowing them only in the Napolis University, which was established in the year 1224/ 5/June… and many other hard measures against Sicilian and other Magnogreeks!).
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And No, because:
The GREEK language disappeared completely from Sicily, particularly and from the other Southern Italy, from 1.300 to 1.600 a.C, when two ecclesiastical sessions {1585 in Otranto (Greek Hydrunta) and 1588 in Messina} require from the Orthodox ItaloGreeks in Sicily and southern Italy, to follow the Roman Catholic Church, or leave the country. So the MagnoGreek population (1.600 greek churches and monasteries at this time in S. Italy and unknown number in Sicily) was forced to accept the Roman Catholic church and the Latin language in the ceremonies and so, they lost their Greek language, heritage, ethnicity....
In the year 1579, the Vatican also organised the MagnoGreek, in the order: “Basilian” Monks, and forced them to accept the Roman Catholic doctrine and language. They were organized from Vatican in this order, like Franciscan and Jesuit Monks.
The last blow was given by the Espano-France dynasty of Bourbons. King Francisco 1st, conqueror of South Italy, closed the latest 19 ItaloGreek churches and Monasteries (13 of them in Calabria) in the years 1821-1830 and forced the last MagnoGreco to accept the Roman Catholicism.
---Wherever, the MagnoGreeks of Sicily and southern Italy, lost their language, faith and Greek conscience, definitively after 1580 (after 3.580 years of non stop presence in this land as Greeks!). They became something else. But they continue to exist in southern Italy, Calabria, Apulia, Basilicata, Campania, Sicilia etc, not as Greeks in ethnicity, but of Greek origin and ancestry, creating a new, different culture, based in to the Roman Catholic doctrine, in a version of a modern Latin language (similar to northern Italian) and customs similar to many conquerors (Spanish, German, French ...), who ruled the area in the modern times. So they are still Greeks in origin , but with different tradition.
They are definitely Greeks, but a different brunch. They don;t belong to the modern Greek nation, that lives in modern Greek State. They are "the MagnoGreeks" or the "Western Greeks", but are still the "Original Greeks"!!!
Pagina Instagram: #simboli_e_curiosita_del_mondo
#lingue #languages #europa #europe #mappa #mappe #map #maps #mappestoriche #historicalmaps. Alessandro Palieri, Historical maps
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Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche
Greeks from south Italy against germanic west and germanic version of Catholicism.
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The young man believed my words... hearing from me that in our time there were many men in Calabria who were scholars in Greek litterature... and he decided to go there".
Thus ,the Italians of the forteenth century did mnot need to go to Byzantium for elementary technical acquaintance with the greek language and the begininning if greek literature, they had a nearer source, in southern italy, the source which gave them Barlaam and Leontius Pilatus
The biggest Greek cities in ancient and medieval (byzantine and post byzantine) times
According to Herodotus and for the entire historical development of thousands of years, there are three Objective components or criteria to define the NATION : The Homogeneous (common Blood), the Homotropus/Coreligion and the the Homoglossus (common Language).
After the French Revolution of
So what are the Magnogrecos today in the teritory of
We see that:
They have of the Objective components the Homoaemon (common blood), but not the Homotropon and Homoglosson, which was forcibly lost by the Germanic and other Romancatholic conquerors.
As for the Subjective criterion, «national consciousness»,
there are three categories of population.
Conclusion:
Of the 4 Components , South Italians are Greeks in gender (common Blood), but in the national consciousness they are divided: A) The majority are Italians. B) Next are the Sicilians and South Italians who claime individual ethnicity and C) Greeks, who are a small but important group, which has begun to awaken nowadays and has in its ranks many intellectuals, such as Luigi Pirandello (see the relevant article). . . Who gives to him an important boost!
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COS’È «NAZIONE»
Secondo Erodoto e per tutto lo sviluppo storico di migliaia di anni, ci sono tre componenti o criteri oggettivi per definire la NAZIONE: L'omogeneo (sangue comune), l'omotropo/coreligione e l'omoglosso (linguaggio comune).
Dopo la Rivoluzione Francese del 1789, un quarto criterio/componente Soggettivo fu aggiunto alla scienza dell'Ethnologia. La "coscienza nazionale".
Cosa sono dunque i Magnogrecos in tutto il Sud Italia?
Vediamo che:
Hanno delle componenti Oggettive l'Homoemon (sangue comune), ma non l'Homotropon e l'Homoglosson, che fu forzatamente perso dai conquistatori germanici e latini.
Per quanto riguarda il criterio soggettivo, «coscienza nazionale», ci sono tre categorie. Il prossimo.
Conclusioni:
Delle 4 Componenti, gli Italiani del Sud sono Greci per sesso (sangue comune), ma nella coscienza nazionale sono divisi: A) La maggior parte sono Italiani. B) Seguono i siciliani e gli italiani del sud che rivendicano un'etnia individuale e C) i greci, che sono un piccolo ma importante gruppo, che ha cominciato a risvegliarsi oggi e ha tra le sue fila molti intellettuali, come Luigi Pirandello (vedi articolo relativo). . . Chi gli dà una spinta importante!
